Dry Eyes Or Allergies?
During the spring and summer, countless amounts of people experience either seasonal allergies or dry eyes. It can be hard to distinguish between the two because their symptoms are very much alike. Some people can suffer from both conditions at the same time, leading them to experience great discomfort at specific times of the year.
But how do you differentiate between dry eyes and seasonal allergies? |
What Causes Dry Eye?
Dry eyes can simply be thought about as a lack of tear (water) production, but your tears simply are not made of just water. There are numerous components to tears forming three different layers to the tear film – mucin, water and lipids. A dry eye situation occurs when too little of one of the layers is produced. For example, the lipid layer is the outer layer of the tears and its role is to prevent the tears from evaporating too quickly. The lipid layer is produced by glands on the edge of the lids near your eyelashes called meibomian glands. The majority of dry eye is caused by a decrease in this lipid layer due to a blockage in these glands. On the other hand, certain medical conditions or medications can cause dry eyes resulting in too little production of the mucin and water layers of the tears.
Dry Eye Symptoms:
What Causes Ocular Allergies?
An ocular allergy is caused by sensitivity to a substance that is not usually harmful. When the allergen interacts with cells called mast cells, a substance called histamine is released which causes itching, redness, and swelling. Most allergies are due to environmental factors like pollen, cat dander, dust mites, etc.
Ocular Allergy Symptoms:
The Overlap of Allergies and Dry Eye
Having dry eye or ocular allergies can make you prone to develop the other. For instance, the tears lubricate the eye and can wash away irritants including allergens. When the layers of the tear film are compromised, allergens are not washed away effectively, exacerbating the symptoms of ocular allergies. On the other hand, exposure to some allergens like pollen can increase inflammation, compounding any existing symptom of dry eye that is already present. Spending more time outside in the spring and summer can complicate any existing dry eyes and allergies. More exposure to sweat, sunlight, pollen, and sunscreen can irritate your eyes even more. While ocular allergies and dry eyes both cause many similar symptoms, the primary symptom that can set them apart is the itchiness caused by allergies.
Treatment
Treatment is different for dry eye and ocular allergies. Dry eye treatment includes treating the meibomian glands, the underlying inflammation, and using tear lubricants. The treatment for ocular allergy includes using antihistamine/mast cell stabilizers, artificial lubricants, cool compresses and avoidance of the allergen (if possible).
Find Relief For Your Dry Eyes And Ocular Allergies
Dry eyes and ocular allergies can worsen if left untreated. Both conditions can cause a great deal of discomfort, affecting your quality of life. If you feel that you have dry eye or ocular allergies, come see us for a complete evaluation and hear our recommendations on the best treatment options available to you. The doctors at Mission Eyecare are dedicated to providing you with the highest level of eye care. We have the latest technology for the accurate diagnosis and treatment for both ocular allergies and dry eye. Give us a call today.
Dry eyes can simply be thought about as a lack of tear (water) production, but your tears simply are not made of just water. There are numerous components to tears forming three different layers to the tear film – mucin, water and lipids. A dry eye situation occurs when too little of one of the layers is produced. For example, the lipid layer is the outer layer of the tears and its role is to prevent the tears from evaporating too quickly. The lipid layer is produced by glands on the edge of the lids near your eyelashes called meibomian glands. The majority of dry eye is caused by a decrease in this lipid layer due to a blockage in these glands. On the other hand, certain medical conditions or medications can cause dry eyes resulting in too little production of the mucin and water layers of the tears.
Dry Eye Symptoms:
- A feeling of sand in the eye.
- Alternating between watery eyes and dry eyes.
- Blurred vision.
- Redness.
- Stinging or burning feeling.
- A stringy discharge from the eyes.
What Causes Ocular Allergies?
An ocular allergy is caused by sensitivity to a substance that is not usually harmful. When the allergen interacts with cells called mast cells, a substance called histamine is released which causes itching, redness, and swelling. Most allergies are due to environmental factors like pollen, cat dander, dust mites, etc.
Ocular Allergy Symptoms:
- Red eyes.
- Swollen eyelids.
- Sensitivity to light.
- Itchiness.
- Stinging or burning eyes.
- Nasal congestion, a runny nose, and watery eyes.
The Overlap of Allergies and Dry Eye
Having dry eye or ocular allergies can make you prone to develop the other. For instance, the tears lubricate the eye and can wash away irritants including allergens. When the layers of the tear film are compromised, allergens are not washed away effectively, exacerbating the symptoms of ocular allergies. On the other hand, exposure to some allergens like pollen can increase inflammation, compounding any existing symptom of dry eye that is already present. Spending more time outside in the spring and summer can complicate any existing dry eyes and allergies. More exposure to sweat, sunlight, pollen, and sunscreen can irritate your eyes even more. While ocular allergies and dry eyes both cause many similar symptoms, the primary symptom that can set them apart is the itchiness caused by allergies.
Treatment
Treatment is different for dry eye and ocular allergies. Dry eye treatment includes treating the meibomian glands, the underlying inflammation, and using tear lubricants. The treatment for ocular allergy includes using antihistamine/mast cell stabilizers, artificial lubricants, cool compresses and avoidance of the allergen (if possible).
Find Relief For Your Dry Eyes And Ocular Allergies
Dry eyes and ocular allergies can worsen if left untreated. Both conditions can cause a great deal of discomfort, affecting your quality of life. If you feel that you have dry eye or ocular allergies, come see us for a complete evaluation and hear our recommendations on the best treatment options available to you. The doctors at Mission Eyecare are dedicated to providing you with the highest level of eye care. We have the latest technology for the accurate diagnosis and treatment for both ocular allergies and dry eye. Give us a call today.
What Is Low Vision?
Simply speaking, low vision is the loss of visual acuity from some sort of ocular disease that
cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or ocular surgery. Technically, you can be considered low vision with 20/40 or worse vision in the better seeing eye. At Mission EyeCare our goal with low vision exams is to maximize the usable vision that the patient has to improve or maintain their quality of life, and to aid in continued independence with activities of daily living. ● 20/40 to 20/60 - mild low vision ● 20/70 to 20/100 - moderate low vision ● 20/200 and worse - severe low vision (see legal blindness below) |
Legal blindness is defined as central visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with use of corrective glasses or visual field of less than
20 degrees.
A low vision exam is much different than a regular comprehensive exam. The history taken at this exam includes a more in-depth history than a normal
eye exam, including more questions about activities of daily living, hobbies and activities. We want to spend some time getting to know the patient’s
visual needs, and most importantly their goals for the outcome of the exam.
The patient will need to have had a comprehensive exam within the last year in order to have a low vision evaluation. It is important that we have up
to date information on the state of their ocular health in order to make informed decisions on their treatment plan. In some cases, we
will want a visual field test done, as this helps us evaluate how much usable vision the patient has, and where, specifically in cases of vision loss
from severe glaucoma or strokes.
A low vision specific exam also includes the trial of several different types of optical devices, including the standard strong powered glasses. The main devices we see in a basic low vision exam include hand held magnifiers, stand magnifiers, and lamps for specific activities. There are also devices like wearable binoculars and color filters that help some patients. In more advanced cases, a closed circuit television (CCTV) may be a great option to help with magnification and visualization during specific tasks, as this device allows a patient to customize their view. Other devices include writing guides
for checks and letters, large print or audio books, and task-specific lighting.
If you believe you or a loved one would be a good candidate for a low vision evaluation, reach out to us and we are happy to have a brief consultation
to discuss your concerns and your vision goals.
20 degrees.
A low vision exam is much different than a regular comprehensive exam. The history taken at this exam includes a more in-depth history than a normal
eye exam, including more questions about activities of daily living, hobbies and activities. We want to spend some time getting to know the patient’s
visual needs, and most importantly their goals for the outcome of the exam.
The patient will need to have had a comprehensive exam within the last year in order to have a low vision evaluation. It is important that we have up
to date information on the state of their ocular health in order to make informed decisions on their treatment plan. In some cases, we
will want a visual field test done, as this helps us evaluate how much usable vision the patient has, and where, specifically in cases of vision loss
from severe glaucoma or strokes.
A low vision specific exam also includes the trial of several different types of optical devices, including the standard strong powered glasses. The main devices we see in a basic low vision exam include hand held magnifiers, stand magnifiers, and lamps for specific activities. There are also devices like wearable binoculars and color filters that help some patients. In more advanced cases, a closed circuit television (CCTV) may be a great option to help with magnification and visualization during specific tasks, as this device allows a patient to customize their view. Other devices include writing guides
for checks and letters, large print or audio books, and task-specific lighting.
If you believe you or a loved one would be a good candidate for a low vision evaluation, reach out to us and we are happy to have a brief consultation
to discuss your concerns and your vision goals.
Beauty Tips For Healthy Eyes
Can I wear makeup and still have healthy eyes? Of course you can! Here are some helpful tips
for looking and feeling fabulous. Mascara is a popular makeup choice, as it is a great option to use for both a day to day natural look as well as a full glam look. Pay attention to expiration dates, as old mascara can cause irritation and infection. Eyeliner is another crowd favorite, as it can make the lashes look fuller and the eyes more awake. |
Do not use eyeliner on the water line, which is the layer of skin between your eyelashes and your eye where your eyelids touch; applying eyeliner to this area can cause irritation, as makeup can clog the oil glands on the eyelid that are responsible for coating your eyes to help keep them from drying out. Always use clean makeup brushes and never share your mascara or eyeliner products with a friend.
Colored contact lenses are another popular beauty choice; even if they are just worn for fun, contact lenses are a medical device that should be properly fit and evaluated by an optometrist. Contact lenses are not a “one size fits all” device and there are certainly safety concerns when not properly prescribed. We are happy to discuss colored contact lenses for costumes (including for Halloween), special occasions, or just for fun!
Eyelash extensions are a popular beauty trend that while looking great, can be difficult to maintain. Latisse is a prescription medication prescribed by your optometrist to help lengthen your natural eyelashes. It is the first FDA approved medication to help your eyelashes grow longer, thicker and darker. Latisse is a different formulation of bimatoprost, which is a medication typically used to treat glaucoma by lowering intraocular pressure, however its side
effect of eyelash growth is a very favorable one among our female patients. Interested in trying Latisse? Ask your optometrist if it is right for you!
Dry eye is a top complaint among patients of all ages. Avoid using eyeliner on the water line, as doing so can clog the oil producing glands that stabilize the tear film. Intense pulsed light (IPL), sometimes also referred to as photorejuvenation, is a newly FDA approved treatment for dry eye disease caused by meibomian gland dysfunction. IPL works on treating the root cause. Originally used by dermatologists to reduce signs of aging and scarring, lightening darker patches of skin, and improve the look to spider veins, a side effect of the treatment was improvement of dry eye when used around the eye area. Patients typically report results within 4-6 treatments.
Colored contact lenses are another popular beauty choice; even if they are just worn for fun, contact lenses are a medical device that should be properly fit and evaluated by an optometrist. Contact lenses are not a “one size fits all” device and there are certainly safety concerns when not properly prescribed. We are happy to discuss colored contact lenses for costumes (including for Halloween), special occasions, or just for fun!
Eyelash extensions are a popular beauty trend that while looking great, can be difficult to maintain. Latisse is a prescription medication prescribed by your optometrist to help lengthen your natural eyelashes. It is the first FDA approved medication to help your eyelashes grow longer, thicker and darker. Latisse is a different formulation of bimatoprost, which is a medication typically used to treat glaucoma by lowering intraocular pressure, however its side
effect of eyelash growth is a very favorable one among our female patients. Interested in trying Latisse? Ask your optometrist if it is right for you!
Dry eye is a top complaint among patients of all ages. Avoid using eyeliner on the water line, as doing so can clog the oil producing glands that stabilize the tear film. Intense pulsed light (IPL), sometimes also referred to as photorejuvenation, is a newly FDA approved treatment for dry eye disease caused by meibomian gland dysfunction. IPL works on treating the root cause. Originally used by dermatologists to reduce signs of aging and scarring, lightening darker patches of skin, and improve the look to spider veins, a side effect of the treatment was improvement of dry eye when used around the eye area. Patients typically report results within 4-6 treatments.
You may have heard of rod and cone receptors in the eye, which are responsible for night vision and fine detail vision respectively. Humans have more cone than rod receptors, which is opposite to cats, which is why cats can see so well in the dark. Eye placement is also a factor in determining how much peripheral vision is available to a certain species. Birds tend to have better peripheral vision because they can get a wider field of view since their eyes are located more on the side of their heads.
Geckos have better color vision than humans, which helps them spot their prey much more easily. Pigeons also have exceptional color vision, and they can also see UV light; in fact, pigeons are sometimes used in search and rescue missions at sea! Dogs can see color, but just not as well as humans. Similar to humans, common eye conditions dogs experience include glaucoma, cataracts, dry eye and corneal ulcers. These conditions are all treated similarly as they would be in humans. Most mammals and reptiles even have three eyelids, including cats and dogs. Because dogs have different eye anatomy than humans, it is possible for them to have a condition called “cherry eye”. Cherry eye occurs when a dog’s tear gland, which is normally positioned under the eyelids, pops out of place and can be seen. It is most common in young, small dogs such as poodles, bulldogs, and shih-tzus. Along with having different shaped and positioned eyes, some animals also have different shaped pupils. Human pupils are mostly round, whereas animal pupils can be multiple shapes, depending on the species. Animals of prey, like goats and antelopes, tend to have horizontally split pupils, which although decreasing their quality of vision, still gives them an advantage over their predators by providing them a larger field of view. Smaller predatory animals that usually hunt at night, like house cats, tend to have vertically slit pupils, which helps enhance their distance vision and protect them from damage of daylight. Larger predatory animals, like cheetahs and lions, have circular pupils similar to humans which is great for fine detail and a wide field of vision. In conclusion, human and animal eyes are similar, but are slightly different in structure to accommodate the different needs for different species.
The crystalline lens over time absorbs most of the ultraviolet (UV) light we are exposed to. This causes changes within its chemical and structural anatomy leading to the accumulation of yellow pigments in the center of the lens, which may progress to a dark brown hue with time. For most individuals, this change starts around age 50 to 60. As the cataract increases in density and opacity, vision also begins to decline.
The only definitive treatment for cataracts is surgery, but when is it time for surgery? Cataract Signs and Symptoms Being diagnosed with cataracts does not always mean that surgery is immediately required. In the early stages, cataracts may not change vision significantly and minor changes may be improved with glasses or contacts. As the cataracts continue to mature over time, they may cause vision loss that can interfere with daily life. Common symptoms of cataract formation include:
Questions To Consider In Determining If Cataract Surgery Is Right For You 1. Are your cataracts impacting your daily or occupational activities? Dim, blurry, yellowing, or double vision can be caused by a cataract. The lack of contrast and clarity can be difficult for those who need clear vision for work, driving, or enjoying a favorite hobby. 2. Are your cataracts affecting your ability to drive safely at night? Increases to halos around lights and seeing in low light settings can impact our ability to safely drive at night. 3. Are your cataracts interfering with the outdoor activities you enjoy? Cataracts can increase sensitivity to glare. This can be troublesome for those who enjoy outdoor activities. Cataracts can cause visual differences from one eye to the other, which can affect distance vision that is needed for many sports. 4. Can you manage your cataracts in other ways? If you decide to delay cataract surgery, incorporating some simple tools can improve visual clarity as the cataracts continue to progress. Brighter lighting and magnifying lenses can greatly improve your reading clarity. Polarized sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats can reduce glare. Cataract surgery is commonly recommended when the outcome is expected to improve vision or an individual's lifestyle. Cataracts are one of the most common causes of preventable blindness in the world. In the United States, approximately 4 million cataract surgeries are performed per year with most patients having a very favorable outcome. Those considering cataract surgery should schedule an appointment today with our doctors to discuss how your cataracts are affecting your daily lives. |
Myopia Control Treatment Includes:
- Orthokeratology (“ortho-k”) contact lenses. Also known as corneal reshaping, this treatment uses rigid gas permeable contact lenses that are worn while the patient sleeps to reshape the surface of the eye, the cornea. During the day, the patient is usually able to see clearly, glasses-free.
- Atropine Drops. Atropine drops are a daily-use prescription eye drop that has been shown to reduce myopia progression. It can be used alone or in combination with ortho-k or multifocal contact lenses.
- Multifocal contact lenses. This treatment uses multifocal soft contact lenses to provide clear vision and slow the progression of myopia. The lenses are worn as normal contact lenses during the day.
- Multifocal eyeglasses. Glasses that include an extra near power to be worn full time.
Myopia control is important because it’s preferable to have a lower number in a prescription, thinner glasses, and avoiding frequent changes in glasses prescriptions. Once a child becomes myopic (causing blurred distance vision) it tends to get worse, every few to several months. The younger a child becomes myopic, the faster they tend to progress, leading to higher levels of myopia. This means the earlier we can delay this progression of myopia, the better.
- Mild myopia: -0.25 to -3.00 D
- Moderate myopia: Between -3.00 to -6.00 D
- High myopia: More than -6.00 D
Slowing/Delaying Myopic Progression
Myopia control is oriented to slow down or stop the progression of a child's nearsightedness. Over the past few decades myopia has increased at an alarming rate. The percentage of moderate to high myopia has grown in number and myopia control is becoming a major consideration for parents & their child’s eye health. It’s expected that about half of the world’s population will be nearsighted by 2050, and about 10% of those individuals will have high myopia. Offering your child myopia control now can potentially prevent them from being part of that 10% in 2050. Myopia in children may seem easily corrected in a pair of glasses or contacts. However, if this nearsightedness worsens at an accelerated rate, the eye is growing at an accelerated rate as well. The eyes are meant to grow in childhood, at a regular rate up until age 10-12. However if the eyes grow too quickly or and don't stop, this excessive growth stretches the retina and this stretching increases risk of eye diseases and vision impairment occurring across your child’s lifetime.
Myopia Control Can Prevent Risk of Future Ocular Disease
- Cataracts: The rate of progression of myopia has been linked to the development of cataracts. The higher the level of myopia in a child, the faster the rate cataracts can develop when they get older.
- Glaucoma: Glaucoma is when the eye develops an unusually high pressure, where this pressure can damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss. Studies have shown that nearsighted people have a 2-3x greater risk of glaucoma.
- Detached Retina: Levels of myopia also have a correlation to detached retinas.
Myopia Control Starts with You, The Parent
Your child’s eyes are his/her perception into the world of learning. When your child’s vision is not functioning properly, learning and participation in recreational activities will suffer greatly. Children are not likely to recognize vision problems like myopia. It is the responsibility of parents and teachers to recognize signs of visual problems in their children. Because changes in your child’s vision can occur without you or your child noticing them, your child should visit the eye doctor every year or more frequently if specific problems or risk factors exist. There are many eye conditions, such as strabismus and amblyopia that can be corrected easily if caught early but can do irreversible damage that will affect a child into adulthood if left undiagnosed and untreated for too long.
Myopia control attempts to reduce the number of changes that may occur in your child’s vision. With a successful myopia control program, we can provide your child with amazing vision, track your child’s rate of myopia, and provide a clear road to healthy eyesight and a successful future. Schedule an eye appointment with us today!
Summer Is HereSummer is officially here, and with that comes time spent outdoors whether at the lake, pool, or on a beach during summer vacation. As you begin to venture outdoors to catch some summer sun, don't forget to grab the sunglasses! Sunscreen is commonly used to protect our skin from the sun’s ultraviolet rays but did you know that these same rays can also damage unprotected eyes and increase the risk of many eye diseases? |
This summer, myself and the staff at Mission EyeCare remind you that sunglasses are more than just a fashion statement!
UV rays are present during the whole year, but they are strongest in the spring and summer months. UV rays can penetrate skin surfaces and lead to long-term diseases. Specifically, for the eyes, if proper safety measures are not taken, many ocular complications such as eye cancer, cataracts, macular degeneration, and even eye sunburn, clinically known as photokeratitis, can occur.
Follow these easy 5 simple tips to stay “eye-smart” in the sun:
By following these 5 tips, you can enjoy the summer sun while still protecting your vision and health of your eyes.
Call and schedule a visit to our Mission location to visit our optical shop and check out our wide selection of sunglasses.
UV rays are present during the whole year, but they are strongest in the spring and summer months. UV rays can penetrate skin surfaces and lead to long-term diseases. Specifically, for the eyes, if proper safety measures are not taken, many ocular complications such as eye cancer, cataracts, macular degeneration, and even eye sunburn, clinically known as photokeratitis, can occur.
Follow these easy 5 simple tips to stay “eye-smart” in the sun:
- Wear a hat along with your sunglasses to offer further UV protection. A hat will block roughly half of the UV rays to which you are exposed. This protection also gives you a better defense against rays that may penetrate above or around your sunglasses.
- Know that clouds do not block UV light. The sun's rays can still pass through on cloudy days and sun damage can occur to the eyes any time of year. Thinking that the clouds provide protection from the sun’s rays is an easy way to damage your eyes without even realizing it. Do not be fooled!
- Remember your kids! Make sure your kids are protected with sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen. A child’s eyes are precious and need to be protected, but they commonly are overlooked. This is why kids tend to face more sun exposure and sun damage. A child’s eye is not fully developed until the late teenage years. When this is paired with lack of protection, kids may be susceptible to eye diseases when they’re older. Unlike the mature lens of an adult eye, a child's ocular lens cannot effectively filter out UV rays, so more radiation can reach the retina. Up to 80% of a person’s lifetime exposure to damaging UV radiation can occur before age 18. To protect your children, make sure you’re mindful of their time spent outside. Sunglasses, wide-brimmed hats, and breaks in the shade are all great ways to help offer eye protection from the sun.
- Don't be fooled by your eyeglass lens color! While very dark lenses appear to block more light, they do not always necessarily block more UV rays. Don’t just go for style when investing in sunglasses. Rather, look for a pair that is labeled with 99-100% UV protection or UV400 to make sure you are getting the proper eye protection.
- Consider polarized lenses. Polarization reduces the glare coming off reflective surfaces like water or pavement. Polarized lenses can make activities like driving, playing sports, or being on or near the water safer and more enjoyable.
By following these 5 tips, you can enjoy the summer sun while still protecting your vision and health of your eyes.
Call and schedule a visit to our Mission location to visit our optical shop and check out our wide selection of sunglasses.
Systemic Disease & Your EyesI often get asked how different diseases of the body affect the eyes and why it’s important to have annual comprehensive eye exams even if you have perfect vision. So I thought I would talk about the more common systemic diseases and their impact on the eyes.
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) affects over 50 million Americans but few people know how it can affect the eyes. When your blood pressure becomes elevated, your retina (located in the back of your eyes) can start to develop small flame-shaped hemorrhages. If left untreated, it can do enough damage to cause strokes and aneurysms in the blood vessels of the retina which can lead to loss of vision or even blindness. This is known as Hypertensive Retinopathy and it is only visible by dilating the eyes or taking a wide-angle digital scan of the back of the eye. |
The severity of damage to the retina is a good indicator of how poorly controlled a patient’s blood pressure has been recently.
Hyperlipidemia (High Cholesterol) cause plaques to form in the tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye causing ischemia (reduced blood flow). If those blood vessels get completely blocked, the retinal tissue which is served by that vessel can die off and the vision lost to that section of your eye. Sometimes the blockage can cause a large bleed in the retina from a rupture of the vessel wall further damaging the surrounding tissue. Occasionally, the blockage is behind the eye in the optic nerve and can also cause sudden and potentially permanent vision loss as well. It is important to get your cholesterol checked annually if you are in an at risk category (family history, poor eating habits, previous abnormal blood work results, etc). Eye doctors will check the health of your retina either by dilation or a newer method using a wide-field digital photo scan. Sometimes the cornea (front window of the eye) can also develop white rings called “arcus” in the periphery which people often confuse with cataracts. So if you start to notice a slow greying out of the color in your eyes, have it checked out.
Retinal damage from Diabetes is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Diabetic Retinopathy is usually present in nearly 100% of all Type 1diabetics and around 65% of Type 2 diabetics. The early stages usually present with what are called “dot-blot” hemorrhages and are often accompanied by fluid and protein leaking out of the blood vessels. Eye doctors may also notice unusually large fluctuations in your vision prescription in a short amount of time. In the more advanced stages of damage, new leaky blood vessels start to grow and can detach the retina causing blindness. Swelling of the macula (the central retina) is what causes the greatest vision loss to your central vision when the diabetes is severe. It swelling of the layers of the retina causing the vision to be blurred. More severe cases of diabetic retinopathy are treated with lasers to try to limit the new blood vessels formation and reduce the leakage, but long term only strict diabetic control of your blood sugar will be able to keep your vision functional. Your eye doctor works closely with your endocrinologist to make sure that each one knows what’s going on with the other in terms of control, lab work, and retinal findings. So test your sugar often, and keep it controlled.
So the moral of the story is that diseases of the body can directly affect the health of your eyes so it's important to let your eye doctor check the health of your eyes every year. The best way to screen for a lot of damage is a digital scan of the back of the eye, such as an Optomap photo.
Hyperlipidemia (High Cholesterol) cause plaques to form in the tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye causing ischemia (reduced blood flow). If those blood vessels get completely blocked, the retinal tissue which is served by that vessel can die off and the vision lost to that section of your eye. Sometimes the blockage can cause a large bleed in the retina from a rupture of the vessel wall further damaging the surrounding tissue. Occasionally, the blockage is behind the eye in the optic nerve and can also cause sudden and potentially permanent vision loss as well. It is important to get your cholesterol checked annually if you are in an at risk category (family history, poor eating habits, previous abnormal blood work results, etc). Eye doctors will check the health of your retina either by dilation or a newer method using a wide-field digital photo scan. Sometimes the cornea (front window of the eye) can also develop white rings called “arcus” in the periphery which people often confuse with cataracts. So if you start to notice a slow greying out of the color in your eyes, have it checked out.
Retinal damage from Diabetes is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Diabetic Retinopathy is usually present in nearly 100% of all Type 1diabetics and around 65% of Type 2 diabetics. The early stages usually present with what are called “dot-blot” hemorrhages and are often accompanied by fluid and protein leaking out of the blood vessels. Eye doctors may also notice unusually large fluctuations in your vision prescription in a short amount of time. In the more advanced stages of damage, new leaky blood vessels start to grow and can detach the retina causing blindness. Swelling of the macula (the central retina) is what causes the greatest vision loss to your central vision when the diabetes is severe. It swelling of the layers of the retina causing the vision to be blurred. More severe cases of diabetic retinopathy are treated with lasers to try to limit the new blood vessels formation and reduce the leakage, but long term only strict diabetic control of your blood sugar will be able to keep your vision functional. Your eye doctor works closely with your endocrinologist to make sure that each one knows what’s going on with the other in terms of control, lab work, and retinal findings. So test your sugar often, and keep it controlled.
So the moral of the story is that diseases of the body can directly affect the health of your eyes so it's important to let your eye doctor check the health of your eyes every year. The best way to screen for a lot of damage is a digital scan of the back of the eye, such as an Optomap photo.
The Three "O's" of Eyecare“So what’s the difference between an Optometrist, an Ophthalmologist and an Optician?”
Every so often I get asked this question. Sometimes I’m convinced even my own family doesn’t really know the answer. So I thought I would kick off our new blog by talking about the similarities and differences between the three. |
An Ophthalmologist (MD or DO) is a medical or osteopathic doctor who receives residency training and specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disease. In general, ophthalmologists use medical and surgical methods to treat eye diseases and vision disorders. They attend a traditional allopathic or osteopathic medical school to receive their doctorate and are licensed under the Board of Healing Arts.
Doctors of Optometry (OD) are the independent primary health care professionals for the eye. Optometrists examine, diagnose, treat and manage diseases, injuries, and disorders of the visual system, the eye, and associated structures as well as identify related systemic conditions affecting the eye. An optometrist completes a pre-professional undergraduate education at a college or university (usually a bachelor’s degree) and then completes four years of professional education at a college of optometry. Upon graduating, some optometrists complete an optional residency for additional training in a specific area of practice related to the eye.
Doctors of Optometry prescribe medications, spectacle lenses, and contact lenses. They can perform certain minor surgical procedures. Optometrists counsel their patients regarding surgical and non-surgical options that meet their visual needs related to their occupations, avocations, and lifestyle. They are eye health care professionals state-licensed to diagnose and treat diseases and disorders of the eye and visual system.
Opticians are technicians trained to design, verify and fit eyeglass lenses and frames, contact lenses, and other devices to correct eyesight. They use prescriptions supplied by ophthalmologists or optometrists, but do not test vision or write prescriptions for visual correction. Opticians are not permitted to diagnose or treat eye diseases. Depending on the state, opticians are not required to go through formal educational training or hold any state certification.
Generally speaking, think of optometrists as the primary care doctors of the eye. So if you need an eye exam for glasses, fitting for contact lenses, or you have an acute eye infection or chronic eye disease needing treatment, go see your neighborhood optometrist.
Ophthalmologists are the surgeons of the eye. So if you are needing cataract surgery, LASIK, corneal transplants, retina surgery, or other surgical interventions of the eye, your optometrist will refer you to a trusted ophthalmology partner to co-manage with.
Opticians can be independent and own their own glasses stores to fit and dispense frames and lenses, or they can be employed by optometrists or ophthalmologists to do the same. But they do not write prescriptions for vision correction or medications as they do not perform eye exams.
As you may have already figured out, there is certainly overlap in the types of services that the “three O’s” provide to patients. For instance, some ophthalmologists do perform general eye exams and provide glasses and contact lens prescriptions, as well as write medication prescriptions to treat diseases of the eye. However, most ophthalmology clinics use technicians to perform the refractions for glasses and for fitting contact lenses, whereas at an optometry office, it is usually the doctor performing those refractions and fitting the contact lenses. Like independent opticians, optometrists (and some ophthalmologists) also sell glasses and contact lenses as well. Some optometrists are employed by ophthalmologists or even opticians, and in most cases, opticians are employed by optometrists or in ophthalmology practices. Optometrists and ophthalmologists often refer patients to each other for areas of practice that they may not perform themselves, and they co-manage many diseases together.
So the moral of the story is that the “Three O’s” work together in synergy and partnership to deliver the entire spectrum of eye health and vision care to the public. Optometry is the gateway to both vision correction options as well as surgical options for our patients. Optometrists can help guide you and discuss the options that will best correct your vision issues or treat your eye conditions, and co-manage surgical treatments with ophthalmology where appropriate.
If you are having a vision issue, or a chronic eye health issue, I encourage you to call your local optometrist and schedule an appointment for an evaluation.
Doctors of Optometry (OD) are the independent primary health care professionals for the eye. Optometrists examine, diagnose, treat and manage diseases, injuries, and disorders of the visual system, the eye, and associated structures as well as identify related systemic conditions affecting the eye. An optometrist completes a pre-professional undergraduate education at a college or university (usually a bachelor’s degree) and then completes four years of professional education at a college of optometry. Upon graduating, some optometrists complete an optional residency for additional training in a specific area of practice related to the eye.
Doctors of Optometry prescribe medications, spectacle lenses, and contact lenses. They can perform certain minor surgical procedures. Optometrists counsel their patients regarding surgical and non-surgical options that meet their visual needs related to their occupations, avocations, and lifestyle. They are eye health care professionals state-licensed to diagnose and treat diseases and disorders of the eye and visual system.
Opticians are technicians trained to design, verify and fit eyeglass lenses and frames, contact lenses, and other devices to correct eyesight. They use prescriptions supplied by ophthalmologists or optometrists, but do not test vision or write prescriptions for visual correction. Opticians are not permitted to diagnose or treat eye diseases. Depending on the state, opticians are not required to go through formal educational training or hold any state certification.
Generally speaking, think of optometrists as the primary care doctors of the eye. So if you need an eye exam for glasses, fitting for contact lenses, or you have an acute eye infection or chronic eye disease needing treatment, go see your neighborhood optometrist.
Ophthalmologists are the surgeons of the eye. So if you are needing cataract surgery, LASIK, corneal transplants, retina surgery, or other surgical interventions of the eye, your optometrist will refer you to a trusted ophthalmology partner to co-manage with.
Opticians can be independent and own their own glasses stores to fit and dispense frames and lenses, or they can be employed by optometrists or ophthalmologists to do the same. But they do not write prescriptions for vision correction or medications as they do not perform eye exams.
As you may have already figured out, there is certainly overlap in the types of services that the “three O’s” provide to patients. For instance, some ophthalmologists do perform general eye exams and provide glasses and contact lens prescriptions, as well as write medication prescriptions to treat diseases of the eye. However, most ophthalmology clinics use technicians to perform the refractions for glasses and for fitting contact lenses, whereas at an optometry office, it is usually the doctor performing those refractions and fitting the contact lenses. Like independent opticians, optometrists (and some ophthalmologists) also sell glasses and contact lenses as well. Some optometrists are employed by ophthalmologists or even opticians, and in most cases, opticians are employed by optometrists or in ophthalmology practices. Optometrists and ophthalmologists often refer patients to each other for areas of practice that they may not perform themselves, and they co-manage many diseases together.
So the moral of the story is that the “Three O’s” work together in synergy and partnership to deliver the entire spectrum of eye health and vision care to the public. Optometry is the gateway to both vision correction options as well as surgical options for our patients. Optometrists can help guide you and discuss the options that will best correct your vision issues or treat your eye conditions, and co-manage surgical treatments with ophthalmology where appropriate.
If you are having a vision issue, or a chronic eye health issue, I encourage you to call your local optometrist and schedule an appointment for an evaluation.